Showing posts with label progress. Show all posts
Showing posts with label progress. Show all posts

Wednesday, October 25, 2017

Short Fiction Story – Dead End

DEAD END
Short Fiction Story
By
VIKRAM KARVE

There is a saying in Urdu:

 Har qatl di e jar zan zar zameen

(The motive for every murder is because of woman, money or land)

Most crimes occur because of Zan (love or passion involving a woman) or Zar (greed for money)

This is a story where Zameen (land) is a motive for a crime.

I wrote this short story 24 years ago  sometime in the year 1993. 

One evening when I had gone on a long evening walk  I happened to witness a brutal land acquisition.

The might of the powers-that-be was on full display against the hapless landowners – who were being evicted from their land.

The landowners who were being evicted were protesting because the promised compensation had not been paid to them.

The hapless landowners feared that once they lost their land  they would have to make rounds of various government offices for compensation  and they would have to pay bribes to get their due.

A few years later  someone told me  that the land had been encroached upon  so the whole land acquisition exercise had gone waste  and  the biggest losers were the erstwhile landowners who had lost their land for nothing.

The whole scene and situation moved me  and  I wrote a fiction short story called DEAD END.

At that point of time  this story  DEAD END  was highly appreciated.  

Huge land acquisitions take place for building projects and institutions.

In Cities – Land is acquired for road-widening – or for building infrastructure – and many small homeowners lose their gardens – and  in some cases  even houses are demolished – and – people are displaced from their land/homes and relocated.

I remember an old lady telling me that she lost her carefully tended garden in road-widening.

What irked the old lady was that the footpath – which was built on the land acquired from her – by destroying her garden – this very footpath – had been illegally encroached upon  and  tapri stalls (shanties) had sprung up on the acquired land which was once her beautiful garden.

I have seen displaced persons running around for their promised compensation many years after their land had been acquired.

It is all very fine to talk of the “macro” picture of infrastructure development.

But  does anyone look at it from the perspective of the displaced landowners...?

Only the person whose land is forcibly acquired knows the pain of losing his land or home. 

For you – everything is fine – until your own land is forcibly acquired  or your house demolished  all in the name of development.

You even hear stories  maybe apocryphal  of land being forcibly acquired from farmers ostensibly for public purposes  and then  the acquired land is “de-reserved” – and sold off to builders – who make a huge profit by building residential and commercial projects.

Land can become a big bone of contention and is the root of crime and corruption (the Zameen in crime triad Zan Zar Zameen).

Though I wrote this story 24 years ago in 1993 – I think this fiction story DEAD END is quite relevant even today. 

Do tell me if you like the story. 

DEAD END – Short Fiction Story by VIKRAM KARVE 

Manjunath was a contented man.
 
He was the proud owner of a coconut grove – more than a hundred trees – located on the most picturesque stretch of the western coast – skirting the Arabian Sea. 

His land was fertile and the yield was excellent.
 
Every morning – along with his wife and two sons – Manjunath would cast his fishing nets into the gentle waters of Baicol Bay – and in the evening – when he pulled in his nets with the receding tide – the catch would be adequate – if not substantial.

He would also tend to his coconut grove and the various fruit bearing trees and vegetable shrubs he had planted on his land.
 
I loved Baicol Bay. 

It was a most beautiful and pristine place by the sea.

Sunset – on the western coast – was a special event.
 
So every evening – I went for a jog on the soft unspoilt beach – and after a swim in the crystal-clear waters – I relaxed on the sands – beholding the fascinating, yet soothing, spectacle – of the mighty orange sun being devoured under the horizon of the sea.
 
As darkness enveloped – Manjunath would gently appear by my side with a tender coconut in hand.
 
At that moment, there was nothing more refreshing than sweet coconut water.
 
The year was 1980

I was a fresh, young and idealistic Indian Police Service (IPS) Officer – on my first posting – as Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) of this lovely coastal district.
 
The air was fresh and unpolluted – and the weather was temperate. 

There was no railway line – no industries – and no noise. 

The district headquarters was a one-street town. 

Everybody knew everybody – the people were peace-loving – and in the prevailing climate of contentment, it was no surprise that the crime-rate was almost zero.
 
One day, my boss, the Superintendent of Police (SP) took me to an important meeting in the District Collector’s office.
 
As I heard the words of the Collector – I experienced a deep sense of distress. 

A notification had been issued and a mammoth Steel Plant had been sanctioned in the Baicol Bay area. 

Land Acquisition was the immediate top priority. 

The police were to be present to see that the land acquisition process was smooth and to ensure there was no law and order problem.
 
“But why can’t they locate the Steel Plant somewhere else...? This lovely place will be ruined. And where will the people go...?” I protested.
 
At first – the Collector appeared dumbstruck by my interruption. 

Then he glowered at me with a fierce and threatening stare. 

I avoided his gaze and looked around the room. 

Everyone was looking at me in a curious manner. 

My boss – the SP – was desperately gesturing to me to keep quiet.
 
“I wonder whose side you are on...?” the Collector snapped angrily, still giving me an intimidating glare.
 
“Don’t worry, Sir...” the SP spoke, addressing the Collector, “There will be no problems. The people here are a docile lot. Everything shall proceed smoothly.”
 
When we were driving back to our office – the SP said to me: 

“Joshi – you better tame your tongue and watch what you say – especially in front of others.”
 
“Sir, you please tell me. Is it not gross injustice...? We pay them a pittance for their fertile land. And then we evict them from their habitat, and destroy the beauty of this place, just because someone decides to set up a set up a Steel Plant here.”
 
“My dear Joshi – it is in the national interest. Why don’t you try and understand. Everyone who is displaced shall be properly rehabilitated with a job and a house – and they will also get a good compensation for their land.”
 
“Come on, Sir...” I argued, “You know where we are going to relocate them. The rehabilitation camp is more than twenty kilometres away from the sea front. And we are putting them into small overcrowded multi-storeyed tenements, which are at complete variance from their ethos. These people are used to open spaces, fresh air, and most important – the waterfront, the sea.”
 
“That’s enough, Joshi...” the SP said angrily, “Your job is to carry out my orders. I want you to take personal charge of this land acquisition operation. The task must be completed smoothly and on schedule. Is that clear...?”
 
“Yes, sir...” I replied meekly.
 
That evening I held a meeting with the affected villagers. 

Manjunath was sitting in the first row, right in front of me. 

I spoke of patriotism – I exhorted them to sacrifice their land for the “national cause” – I told them of the prosperity the Steel Plant would bring into their lives.
 
To my utter surprise – there was no resistance to the land acquisition. 

Everyone seemed convinced – I think because they were simple people who believed every word I said.

But to my own self – my own words sounded insincere – and I felt acutely uncomfortable.
 
And so – the land acquisition operation began.
 
An awe-struck Manjunath saw the might of the government on display. 

Manjunath watched with tears in his eyes as huge bulldozers destroyed his beloved coconut grove.

He also felt intimidated by the columns of police standing by to ensure that the land acquisition process was done smoothly.

And so – Manjunath lost his land – and was displaced from his home.

But – in lieu of his land – and since he was a displaced person – Manjunath had been promised a job at the Steel Plant which was going to come up on his land.
 
A few months later Manjunath stood before the employment officer. 

The employment officer was in a foul mood. 

“These illiterate buggers get jobs on a platter while my matriculate brother-in-law rots unemployed in city...” he complained, “I had promised my wife that I would wrangle at least a Class 4 unskilled labourer, domestic attendant or peon’s job for him out here.”
 
“Hold your tongue...” the rehabilitation officer said angrily, “These so-called ‘illiterate buggers’ – as you call them – they were landowners, displaced from their own land. They are entitled a job in lieu of their land acquired for this project.”
 
“Okay, okay. Don’t get hot...” the employment officer said to the rehabilitation officer. 

Then – the employment officer looked at Manjunath – and curtly asked him: 

“Do you possess any special skills...?”
 
Manjunath could not comprehend – so he just stood silent.
 
In an exasperated manner – the employment officer snapped at Manjunath: 

“Listen. We haven’t got all day. Tell me. What can you do...?”
 
“Coconuts...” Manjunath answered.
 
“Coconuts...?”
 
“Yes, Sir. Coconuts.”
 
“What else...?”
 
“Fish.”
 
“Fish and Coconuts, eh! You will see plenty of them...” the employment officer said. 

He wrote the word ‘cook’ beside Manjunath’s name in the register.
 
And so – in one stroke – Manjunath was transformed from a land-owner into a cook.

First – Manjunath worked as a cook in the ramshackle canteen for construction workers.

And later – as a cook in the huge industrial canteen of the Steel Plant.
 
But Manjunath was lucky. 

At least he had become a cook. 

Most others became Unskilled Labourers because the skills they possessed, like farming and fishing, were not relevant as far as the Steel Plant was concerned.
 
And so almost all the “skilled” workers – the tradesmen, all the welders, fitters, machinists, electricians etc – they all came from outside, from faraway places – most of the workforce of the steel plant came from the cities and the urban areas. 

And gradually – the complexion of the place began to change.
 
Soon, I stopped going for my daily evening jog to Baicol beach.

Now the whole place was littered with debris from the construction work and the air was no longer pure, but polluted by fumes and dust.

It was no longer quiet and calm, but the noise from the ongoing construction work was unbearable.
 
And, of course, now there would be no Manjunath waiting for me with a tender coconut in hand.
 
So when my transfer came  I felt relieved and happy.

I no longer loved the place  and  more so  I could not bear the pain of witnessing the beginning of the systematic metamorphosis of a beautiful natural paradise into a huge monster of concrete and steel.

Somehow I never had the opportunity to visit that place for many years.
 
Then  after 15 long years  I had to go there as a DIG (Deputy Inspector General).

The place had changed beyond recognition. 

The gigantic steel plant  the railway line  the new port  the industries  the ‘fruits’ of liberalization  and the signs of prosperity  modern buildings adorned by adjoining slums  filth and polluted air  all types of vehicles clogging the roads  restaurants and bars  the noise  and even most of the people looked alien.
 
As we drove down to the police headquarters, the SP said to me: 

“It’s not the same place when you were here, Sir.”
 
“The crime-rate was zero then...” I said. “What has gone wrong?”
 
“There are two types of people now, Sir – the liberalised Indian and the marginalised Indian.”
 
“And us...!!!”
 
“And us...!!!” he laughed, “yes, sir  and us – trying to sort the whole thing out.”
 
I was head of the crime branch at the state police headquarters and I had been sent down to investigate a series of bizarre murders. 

A few bigwigs were waylaid – they had their heads chopped off – and their headless bodies were dumped outside their houses. 

It had created such a scare that my boss had rushed me down.
 
The car stopped. 

I recognized the place at once.
 
“The common thread, Sir...” the SP said, “All the victims lived in this luxury residential enclave.”
 
“I knew this place...” I said, feeling a tinge of nostalgia, “There used to be a coconut grove here. This place was acquired for the steel plant. But now I see that it is just outside the perimeter wall. I wonder why they excluded this area.”
 
“Must be the environment stipulations, Sir...” the SP mumbled, “the 200 meter zone or something. They must have de-notified it.”
 
“De-notified it...? Don’t give me bullshit...!!!” I shouted, “How the hell has this posh residential complex come up here? And if the government did not want the land for the steel plant  then why was this excess acquired land not returned back to the original owners...?”
         
“Sir  this land which was sold by the acre in your time  15 years ago – now it is priced per square foot.”
 
“The fruits of progress  is it...?” I snapped.
 
I could see that the SP was getting confused by my unexpected line of investigation  and he was getting a bit scared too  for I was a DIG. 

So I decided to put him at ease.
 
“Tell me, Pandey...” I said patronizingly, “What were you before joining the IPS...?”
 
“An Engineer, Sir. From IIT, Delhi...” he said.
 
This was no surprise.

Engineers  even Doctors  were joining IAS and IPS nowadays. 

I looked at the SP  and I said: 

“Let me explain in a way you will understand.”
 
Pandey was looking at me intently.
 
I paused  and I asked him: 

“Do you know the definition of the word system’...?”
 
“Yes, Sir...” he answered.
 
“Every system has a natural rhythm...” I said, “okay – take this place  for example. All the people here in this system  farmers, fishermen, everyone  they all had a natural rhythm of life which perfectly matched the rhythm of this place. And – there was harmony. Then suddenly  we disturb the system. We drastically change the rhythm of the place. We create a mismatch. And when the people cannot cope up  we call them ‘marginalised Indians’ – as you put it.”
 
Pandey looked thoroughly confused  so I avoided further rhetoric  and I came straight to the point: “You are looking for a motive  aren’t you, Pandey...?”
 
“Yes, Sir...” he said.
 
“Okay – you consider this. You own some fertile land. We forcibly acquire it  mouthing platitudes like ‘national interest’, ‘patriotism’ etc. Then  we sit on your land for 15 long years  while you are reduced from an owner to a labourer. And then  one fine day  you find that your beloved land has been grabbed by some land-sharks from the city. What would you do...?”
 
The SP did not reply.
 
“Do one thing, Pandey...” I said, “There is a man called Manjunath. He probably works as a cook in the Steel Plant canteen. Bring him to me. He may have some clue and maybe he will give us a lead.”
 
In my mind’s eye  I was thinking of ways of how to get Manjunath off the hook.
 
An hour later  the SP came rushing into the police headquarters. 

The SP looked dazed  as if he had been pole-axed. 

“The guy went crazy...” the SP stammered, Sir, when the police party approached him, he was chopping coconuts with a sharp sickle. Suddenly he slashed his own neck. He died on the way to hospital. There is blood everywhere.”
 
In the morgue, staring sadly at Manjunath’s dead body, the SP commented: 

“Look at the expression on his face, Sir. He looks so content.”

“Yes...” I said, “He has reached the DEAD END...”

VIKRAM KARVE
Copyright © Vikram Karve 
1. If you share this post, please give due credit to the author Vikram Karve
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© vikram karve., all rights reserved.

Disclaimer:
1. This story is a work of fiction. Events, Places, Settings and Incidents narrated in the story are a figment of my imagination. The characters do not exist and are purely imaginary. Any resemblance to persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.
2. All stories in this blog are a work of fiction. Events, Places, Settings and Incidents narrated in the stories are a figment of my imagination. The characters do not exist and are purely imaginary. Any resemblance to persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.

Copyright Notice:
No part of this Blog may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Blog Author Vikram Karve who holds the copyright.
Copyright © Vikram Karve (All Rights Reserved)
     
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.
 

This fiction short story DEAD END was written by me Vikram Karve more than 24 years ago, in the year 1993.

Wednesday, January 8, 2014

HOW TECHNOLOGY AFFECTS HUMAN LIFE

Around 20 years ago, in the early 1990s, I wrote a series of articles on TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT

Here is an abridged version of an article on the Ethical aspect of Technology Management – How Technology affects Human Life – the pros and the cons...

HOW TECHNOLOGY AFFECTS HUMAN LIFE
An Essay
By
VIKRAM KARVE 


DEFINITION OF TECHNOLOGY

In our everyday lives, most of us use a number of words that we assume have a universal, agreed-upon, and accepted meaning for all people in all contexts.

Often, the more frequently the word is used, the more we take for granted that our usage is the only possible usage of the term.

One such popular word freely bandied about and very much in-vogue jargon now-a-days is technology.

Let us explore the meaning of the word “technology”.

The word “technology” comprises two parts – “technikos” & “ology”

The historical derivation of the term technology comes from the Greek word technikos, meaning “of art, skillful, practical”

The portion of the word ology indicates“knowledge of” or a “systematic treatment of.”

Thus, the literal verbatim derivation of the term technology is literally“knowledge of the skilful and practical”

However, this definition is too general in nature and we have to transcend this narrow view of technology since every technology starts from a human purpose, from the intention to satisfy some human need or behaviour.

Indeed, technology is the manipulation of nature for human purpose – yes, manipulation of nature, so let us use a slightly different definition of technology.

We will define technology as the knowledge of the manipulation of nature for human purposes.

This definition retains the notions of both knowledge and practicality (human purposes) but adds the new concept of manipulation of nature.

This implies that all practical or technical skills ultimately derive from alterations or manipulation of nature.

Technology depends on a base in the natural world (Science) but extends the natural world through the phenomenon of manipulation (Engineering).

Since we want to manipulate nature, the ability to predict what nature will do when manipulated is most useful, indeed imperative.


ETHICS OF TECHNOLOGY

By our very definition, technology manipulates nature for human purposes.

Technology manipulates nature.

Man is a part of nature.

By manipulating nature, man manipulates himself.

Thus, technology manipulates man, influences, even governs human behaviour, and in turn impinges on societal behaviour, traditions and culture.

Technology is an entity that intervenes in the life of human beings in multifarious ways, directly or indirectly, trying to alter behaviours.

Thus, Technology has an Ethical Dimension.

The very raison d’etre of technology is human purpose.

What is the fundamental purpose of human life?

Is it to increase standard of living?

Is it to improve quality of life?

Or is it to have greater satisfaction in life?

We can distill all these various aspects into a single holistic concept:

VALUE OF HUMAN LIFE

Thus, the cardinal aim of technology is to enhance the value of human life.


TECHNOLOGY and the VALUE OF HUMAN LIFE

Let us define the value of human life as the balance or ratio between satisfaction or happiness and pain or suffering.

VALUE OF HUMAN LIFE = HAPPINESS/SUFFERING

In the context of this definition, the ultimate purpose of technology is to enhance the value of human life, with a long-term perspective, by maximization of happiness and satisfaction and a concomitant reduction or minimization of pain and suffering (physical, mental and emotional).

As a generalization, people want a better life.

A better life may usually mean things like freedom from want, access to and possession of at least some of the “nonessentials”, comforts or luxuries, good health, a reasonable life expectancy, the absence of emotional stresssatisfying human relations (resulting from gratifying work experience and meaningful interpersonal relationships), intellectual stimulation, and personally rewarding leisure activities.


HUMAN NEEDS and VALUES

Human needs and values change through time as technology advances.

Man tends to accept the fruits of new technology more readily (satisfaction, pleasure, happiness, comfort) whereas he is reluctant to accept changes in his personal life.

Thus, social and cultural changes always lag behind technology causing a mismatch and disconnect which consequently leads to unhappiness, dissatisfaction, pain and suffering (emotional) and concomitant lowering of the value of human life.

A crude but practical way of classifying human values is to divide needs into those that are essentially physiological and those that are psychological.

Most new technologies cater to the physiological aspect by performing DangerousDirty, or Difficult jobs (the 3 D’s) thereby enhancing the value of human life.

As regards the psychological aspect, an example pertaining to Information Technology (IT) may be in order.

Information Technology (IT) caters to two unique categories of psychological needs of humans:
 
Cognitive Needs – which refer to the human need for information so as to be ready to act or make decisions that may be required, and

Affective Needs – which refer to the emotional requirements of human, such as their need to do challenging work, to know their work has value, to feel personally secure, and to be in control.

Undue emphasis on cognitive needs and consequent neglect of affective needs may cause emotional pain that counterbalances the gains from technology and this may be detrimental to the “value of human life” as a whole.
 

TECHNOLOGY IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Effects and Consequences of Technology

In our haste to milk technology for immediate economic advantage, we often lose sight of the long-term consequences: the higher order and indirect effects, especially the delayed and unintended effects of technology.

The Sorenson multiple effect network methodology is a useful technique for an analyzing the impact and consequences of technology.

Let us introduce the term malefit to represent harmful effects and consequences of a technology in contrast with benefit as a useful output.

We may categorize the consequences of a technology (Effects versus Consequences) as:

EFFECTS versus CONSEQUENCES

(i)         First Order                  :           Benefits
(ii)        Second Order              :           Direct Malefits
(iii)       Third Order                 :           Indirect Malefits
(iv)       Fourth Order               :           Unintended Malefits
(v)        Fifth Order                  :           Delayed Malefits

Such analyses definitely help in assessing the impact of various consequences of a technology on the value of human life in the long-term perspective in holistic manner.

Early identification of factors detrimental to the value of human life may prove useful in technology impact assessment to reduce mismatches and smoothen out incongruities.


CONCLUSION

We must not lose sight of our basic premise that the cardinal aim of technology is to increase the value of human life by maximising happiness and minimising suffering.
 
Ethical Technology Management comprises a harmonious blend of rational thinking and empathic understanding wherein one studies, analyses and mitigates the conflicting interplay between human cognitive and affective processes.

It may be apt to conclude with a comment by RM Pirsig, who states that:

“The way to solve the conflict between human values and technological needs is not to run away from technology. That is impossible. The way to resolve the conflict is to break down the barriers of dualistic thought that prevent a real understanding of what technology is…not an exploitation of nature, but a fusion of nature and the human spirit into a new kind of creation that transcends both”.

VIKRAM KARVE
Copyright © Vikram Karve 
Vikram Karve has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the author of this book review. 
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.

Disclaimer:
All stories in this blog are a work of fiction. The characters do not exist and are purely imaginary. Any resemblance to persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.
NB:
No part of this Blog may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Blog Author Vikram Karve who holds the copyright.
Copyright © Vikram Karve (all rights reserved)

Did you like this article?
I am sure you will like the 27 short stories from my recently published anthology of Short Fiction COCKTAIL
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About Vikram Karve

A creative person with a zest for life, Vikram Karve is a retired Naval Officer turned full time writer and blogger. Educated at IIT Delhi, IIT (BHU) Varanasi, The Lawrence School Lovedale and Bishops School Pune, Vikram has published two books: COCKTAIL a collection of fiction short stories about relationships (2011) and APPETITE FOR A STROLL a book of Foodie Adventures (2008) and is currently working on his novel and a book of vignettes and an anthology of short fiction. An avid blogger, he has written a number of fiction short stories and creative non-fiction articles on a variety of topics including food, travel, philosophy, academics, technology, management, health, pet parenting, teaching stories and self help in magazines and published a large number of professional  and academic research papers in journals and edited in-house journals and magazines for many years, before the advent of blogging. Vikram has taught at a University as a Professor for 15 years and now teaches as a visiting faculty and devotes most of his time to creative writing and blogging. Vikram Karve lives in Pune India with his family and muse - his pet dog Sherry with whom he takes long walks thinking creative thoughts.

Vikram Karve Academic and Creative Writing Journal: http://karvediat.blogspot.com
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© vikram karve., all rights reserved.