Showing posts with label graft. Show all posts
Showing posts with label graft. Show all posts

Sunday, December 9, 2018

Who is Responsible for Corruption – Musings on International Anti-Corruption Day

Today – the 9th of December – is observed as International Anti-Corruption Day

On the occasion of International Anti-Corruption Day– here is an article I had written around 6 years ago – once more – for reflection...

CORRUPTION – WHO IS RESPONSIBLE…?
Musings on CORRUPTION and CULPABILITY
By
VIKRAM KARVE

Whenever there is a scam  it is quite amusing to see top leaders abdicate responsibility and blaming their juniors.

It seems to have become a standard leadership practice to dodge responsibility for scams, bribery and the corrupt activities  and pass the buck by blaming their juniors who are made scapegoats. 

However  from the ethical point of view  if there is a scam  the Top Man (Head of the Organization) cannot escape culpability  and he must be held accountable for corruption in the organization which he heads. 

When Corruption takes place  there can be 4 scenarios  as far as the Top Leadership – or TOP MAN – is concerned:


1. THE TOP MAN INITIATES THE CORRUPTION

The corruption/scam is done at the behest of the leader. 

The Top Man initiates the corruption.

(of course  the corruption may be implemented on ground by morally pliable juniors)

Thus – in this case – it is the Top Man who is directing and presiding over the corruption – and the obsequious, subservient and “flexible” subordinates facilitating, helping and participating in carrying out the corruption  and also enjoying their share of the “pie” in the loot.

If you observe the various scams in the news these days – you will realize that most present day corruption falls in this category – it is the leader who initiates corruption.


2. THE TOP MAN IS INVOLVED IN THE CORRUPTION

A corruption “system” (systemic corruption) may already be in place in an organization – and the Top Man joins in and becomes a part of it. 

The Top Man starts participating in the corruption.

Here is an illustrative example:

“X” joined as the Boss of an inspection organization on deputation. 

He had not served in that organization before. 

At the end of the first month – “X” he found an envelope with money in his drawer. 

On inquiring, he was told that this was his “share” in the “hafta” or “mamool”. 

He took the envelope and put it in his briefcase. 

Thus – the Top Man became a part of the “system”.


3. THE TOP MAN TURNS A BLIND EYE TO THE CORRUPTION

The Top Man knows that there is corruption going on in his organization – but he turns a blind eye to the corruption.

He looks the other way – and he does nothing to stop the corrupt practices. 

He does not want to “rock the boat” or “ruffle feathers” – so he lets the corruption happen unhindered.

Whereas in first and second examples of corruption – the leader was guilty of “commission” – in this case – the Top Man is guilty of “omission”.   


4. THE TOP MAN IS CLUELESS ABOUT THE CORRUPTION

The Top Man is so incompetent that he does not know what is going on in his organization – he is ignorant and clueless about the corruption happening in his organization.

It is possible that he may be faking innocence – pretending to be clueless and feigning ignorance to wriggle out of the situation as we see in some recent cases.

Even if he is genuinely clueless about the corruption in his organization – then he is not fit to head the organization and he must be sacked on grounds of incompetence.


CONCLUSION

It is clear from the four cases elucidated above that the Leader or Top Man is fully responsible, accountable and culpable for corruption in his organization because:

It is the Top Man who “INITIATES the corruption” 

or 

The Top Man “is INVOLVED in the corruption” 

or 

The Top Man “turns a BLIND EYE to the corruption” 

or 

The Top Man “is CLUELESS about the corruption”


Yes – it is the Top Man in the Organization who does one or more of the following:

1. He initiates the corruption

2. He is involved in the corruption

3. He turns a Blind Eye to the corruption and he lets the corruption happen unhindered

4. He is Clueless about the corruption going on in his organization due to his incompetence and ineptitude?

Hence – it is the Top Man” or Leader – who initiates  is involved in  turns a blind eye to – or – is clueless about corruption.

In all the four cases the Leader or Top Man must be held culpable for the corruption in his organization.

When a scam happens or corruption is prevalent in an organization – the Top Man cannot shirk responsibility and escape accountability.

Therefore – even if there is a whiff of a scam – or the slightest evidence of corruption in an organization – the Top Man must be held responsible, accountable and culpable – and he must resign – or be sacked immediately in order to envisage a fair and speedy investigation.

Before I end – let me tell you that in the Navy of yesteryear – the Captain or Commanding Officer was held responsible for anything and everything on his ship or shore establishment – and if anything went wrong – he was summarily sacked. 

However – even in the Navy and other Defence Services – things have changed now – with the Military Leadership taking the cue from political and civilian leadership in the Art of “Management” of Corruption.

There are some exceptions – like the erstwhile Navy Chief who resigned taking moral responsibility for accidents/mishaps – but in most cases – very few Senior Officers accept moral responsibility for corruption/wrongdoings happening under their command – they try to save their own skins and tend to pass the blame to their juniors.

So – the Military Top Brass is quick in taking the cue from Politicians and Bureaucrats.

In fact – it would be better of things were the other way around – and the political and civilian leadership imbibed values from the military – and this tradition of taking responsibility be followed by political leadership and civilian bureaucracy.

Whenever corruption or something wrong happens – the “Top Man” must be held accountable and punished – instead of passing on the blame to juniors.

If we wish to eradicate corruption in an organization (or in a country or state) – the only solution seems to be is to have a scrupulously honest leader – who is committed and decisive in eradicating corruption – and who is ruthless in punishing the corrupt. 

VIKRAM KARVE
Copyright © Vikram Karve 
1. If you share this post, please give due credit to the author Vikram Karve
2. Please DO NOT PLAGIARIZE. Please DO NOT Cut/Copy/Paste this post
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.

Disclaimer:
1. This article is a spoof, satire, pure fiction, just for fun and humor, no offence is meant to anyone, so take it with a pinch of salt and have a laugh.
2. All stories in this blog are a work of fiction. Events, Places, Settings and Incidents narrated in the stories are a figment of my imagination. The characters do not exist and are purely imaginary. Any resemblance to persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.

Copyright Notice:
No part of this Blog may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Blog Author Vikram Karve who holds the copyright.
Copyright © Vikram Karve (All Rights Reserved)
     
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.
 

Saturday, June 18, 2016

The Higher the Salary – The Higher the Bribe

Does Increasing Salaries Reduce Corruption...? 

Or – Does Increasing Salaries Increase Corruption...?

Sometime ago – on TV – I saw a politician justifying a huge salary hike for politicians.

He gave the justification that giving high salaries will reduce corruption and make politicians honest. 

Do you believe that increasing salaries of politicians will make them honest...? 

A similar argument is made for government employees as well.

It is argued that individuals are corrupt because they get low salaries – and  if salaries are increased – Hey Presto – corrupt persons will instantly turn honest – and corruption will reduce to zero.

Well – all this reminded me of my blog post based on an article on Ethics I had written 21 years ago on 1995.

DOES INCREASING SALARIES REDUCE CORRUPTION...?
Musings on Ethics
By
VIKRAM KARVE

Someone asked me: 

“Will increasing salaries of government employees reduce corruption...?”

In response  I said to him: 

“If you increase salaries  it will not reduce corruption  but the size of the bribe will increase...”

The honesty and integrity of a person is in no way correlated with material status.

Government Employees are paid enough salaries to live a decent standard of living.

Once a person is corrupt by nature – the dictum is

The Higher the Salary  The Higher the Bribe

This has been the experience  as can be seen by the number of rich politicians and top bureaucrats involved in scams. 

Do they turn scrupulously honest when they are paid more salaries and when they get rich...?

Or – do they become even more corrupt and start indulging in bigger scams...? 

For Government Employees – Salaries are increased substantially in every Pay Commission (CPC). 

Has corruption gone down after every Pay Commission...? 

Or – has corruption gone up over the years despite increase in salaries...?

Moral Values have got nothing to do with the amount you earn... 

This conversation reminded me of an article I had written on PRACTICAL ETHICS 21 years ago in 1995 (based on my lecture notes when I taught BUSINESS ETHICS and my papers on ETHICS presented by me at various seminars) and posted on my blogs a number of times – in various posts and articles.

Here is an extract from the article. 

STATUS/POSITION vs MORAL VALUES/ETHICAL STANDARDS – Musings By Vikram Karve

When I joined the Navy  many of us confused Rank, Position and Status with Ethical and Moral Standards.

We young officers were naive and idealistic.

We assumed that just because an officer had been promoted to high rank  it could be ipso facto presumed that he had high moral values and ethical standards.

We were wrong in presuming this.

Soon  after seeing media reports about a number of senior military officers embroiled in scams  and observing some of our seniors indulging in unethical activities  we realized that our presumption  linking ethics with rank  was wrong  and  status and position should not be confused with standards of morality.

This is true in the civilian world as well.

The honesty and integrity of a person is in no way correlated with his intellectual development  or his position in the hierarchy  or material factors like wealth, rank, seniority, status, success. 

Almost every day we see news about high ranking politicians, bureaucrats, military officers and other “distinguished persons with high status, and in top positions, getting embroiled in Scams and indulging in unethical activities.

Have you not read news about even the most intellectually gifted persons (like Vice Chancellors of Universities) getting embroiled in corrupt activities? 

A quote by Alexander Orlov sums it up in a nutshell:

“Honesty and Loyalty may be often more deeply ingrained in the make-up of simple and humble people than in men of high position. 

A man who was taking bribes when he was a constable does not turn honest when he becomes the Chief of Police – the only thing that changes is the size of the bribe. 

Weakness of character and inability to withstand temptation remains with the man no matter how high he climbs.” 

It is true  isnt it? 

A persons Values and Ethical traits accompany a man to the highest rungs of his career.

You see so many poor persons who are honest  and you observe so many rich persons who are corrupt

This is because  whether a person becomes corrupt or not depends on his values – and not on his needs.

Also  in today’s world  corruption has no social stigma
A rich and wealthy corrupt man gets more respect in society than a poor man who is honest.
That is why you must not confuse status and position with standards of morality and ethics.
An individual’s outward status has got nothing to do with his inner values.
So – increasing salaries may result in the opposite of the desired objective of reducing corruption – and – may result in increasing corruption – as exemplified by the dictum: 
The Higher the Salary  The Higher the Bribe” 
Dear Reader: Do you agree...? 

VIKRAM KARVE
Copyright © Vikram Karve 
1. If you share this post, please give due credit to the author Vikram Karve
2. Please DO NOT PLAGIARIZE. Please DO NOT Cut/Copy/Paste this post
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.

Disclaimer:
1. This blog post is a spoof, just for fun and humor, no offence is meant to anyone, so take it with a pinch of salt and have a laugh.
2. All stories in this blog are a work of fiction. Events, Places, Settings and Incidents narrated in the stories are a figment of my imagination. The characters do not exist and are purely imaginary. Any resemblance to persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.

Copyright Notice:
No part of this Blog may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Blog Author Vikram Karve who holds the copyright.
Copyright © Vikram Karve (All Rights Reserved)
     
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.
 

Monday, May 16, 2016

Can Corruption be Eradicated...?

Whenever I see media reports of rampant corruption and scams in all spheres of life – even in the Defence Services – I sometimes wonder why corruption cannot be eradicated – and then – I remember this article I had written long back... 

CORRUPTION IN A NUTSHELL

FORMULA for CORRUPTION
Musings of a Veteran
By
VIKRAM KARVE

A FORMULA FOR CORRUPTION 

One morning while browsing through my old diaries I chanced upon something interesting – a formula for corruption which was told to me by one of my colleagues long back – and – which I had jotted down in my diary.

Corruption = Monopoly + Discretion – Accountability

Or simply put:

C = M + D – A

where

Corruption (C) equals Monopoly Power (M) plus Discretionary Power (D) minus Accountability (A)
 
I had posted this corruption formula earlier in my blog. 


REVISED FORMULA for CORRUPTION
 
After observing the proliferating corruption and scams  I thought about it  and  – I realized that I had missed out one very important aspect – which should feature in the corruption formula  TRANSPARENCY.
 
Yes  I feel that TRANSPARENCY can help reduce corruption  especially in this age of Information Technology and Internet.
 
So  here is my Revised Formula for CORRUPTION
 
Corruption = Monopoly + Discretion – Accountability – Transparency

Or simply put:

C = M + D – A – T

where

Corruption (C) equals Monopoly Power (M) plus Discretionary Power (D) minus Accountability (A) minus Transparency (T)

Do have a look around and see for yourself whether this formula is really applicable. 

Or  would you like to add some are other factors too which contribute to corruption?


HOW TO CONTROL CORRUPTION

Going by this formula  it seems to be very easy to reduce corruption  isnt it...? 

In order to reduce corruption  you simply have to:

1. Reduce Monopoly (by increasing competition)
 
2. Eliminate Discretionary Powers to give or to withhold largess (by fair and participatory decision making) 

3. Fix precise and proper Accountability (by proper rules and regulations)

4. Ensure Total Transparency (especially thorough widespread use of Information Technology).

If it is indeed so simple to control corruption, then why don't we do it?


WHY CORRUPTION IS NOT BEING CONTROLLED

The reason why no one wants to control corruption is quite clear.

Most people 
 especially the powers-that-be – they benefit from corruption.


In fact 
 a large section of society  so many people  they all thrive on corruption.


And nowadays 
 there is no social stigma attached to corruption.


If you look around, you will observe that so many corrupt persons who are involved in scams and amassed huge amounts of wealth seem to have a respectable place in society and enjoy great social status.

This is because in the present-day social scenario 
 it is the triumvirate your PowerWealth and Fame – which determine your status in society.


In today
s world  things like honesty, integrity and character will not earn you much respect. 

In fact, you may be dubbed a fool if you are honest and straightforward.

So 
 many people benefit from corruption. 


So 
 why should anyone want to eliminate corruption?


The fact of the matter is that most people are happy with corruption and they have no interest in eradicating corruption.

Think about it. 

VIKRAM KARVE
Copyright © Vikram Karve 
1. If you share this post, please give due credit to the author Vikram Karve
2. Please DO NOT PLAGIARIZE. Please DO NOT Cut/Copy/Paste this post
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.

Disclaimer:
1. This story is a spoof, satire, pure fiction, just for fun and humor, no offence is meant to anyone, so take it with a pinch of salt and have a laugh.
2. All stories in this blog are a work of fiction. Events, Places, Settings and Incidents narrated in the stories are a figment of my imagination. The characters do not exist and are purely imaginary. Any resemblance to persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.

Copyright Notice:
No part of this Blog may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Blog Author Vikram Karve who holds the copyright.
Copyright © Vikram Karve (All Rights Reserved)
     
© vikram karve., all rights reserved.
 

This is a Re-Post of my article posted online by me online earlier at urls: http://karvediat.blogspot.in/2013/05/corruption-made-simple-mathematical.html  and  http://karvediat.blogspot.in/2012/10/corruption-in-nutshell-part-1-formula.html  and  http://karvediat.blogspot.in/2012/02/how-to-reduce-corruption-corruption.html  and  http://karvediat.blogspot.in/2011/05/formula-for-corruption.html etc